1.What is access control?

Access control, also known as access management control system, channel management system, is a digital intelligent management system for management personnel to enter and exit.

The original access control system concept has long been in our lives. For example: our families have installed doors and locks, people in their own homes with keys, when the family comes back, there is no need to shout the door, directly use the key to open the door. The people outside visit, the people inside hear the knock on the door, know that someone is visiting, ask: "Who is it?" The man outside replies: "I am ***!" The people inside judge whether to open the door by sound and past experience. This is an original access control concept. The Great Wall is the largest primitive access control system in ancient China.

2. Types and advantages and disadvantages of access control system

With the deepening of the degree of electronic intelligence in society, the access control system we see now can be divided into: password access control system, credit card access control system, biometric access control system according to the different input devices, media and methods.

First, password access control system: by entering the password, the system determines that the password is correct to drive the electric lock, open the door and release.

Advantages: Only need to remember the password, no need to carry other media, the lowest cost.

Disadvantages: Slow, it generally takes several seconds to enter the password, if there are too many people in and out, you need to queue up. If the input is incorrect, you need to re-enter the input, which takes a longer time. The security is poor, the person next to it is easy to remember someone else's password through gestures, and the password is easy to forget or leak. Trend: Password access control is used in fewer and fewer occasions, only in the case of low security requirements, low cost, and infrequent use. For example: safe.

Second，swipe card access control system: according to the type of card is divided into contact card access control system (magnetic stripe card barcode card) and non-contact card (also known as induction card RF card) access control system.

Contact card access control system because the contact card is easy to wear, the number of uses is not large, the card is easy to damage, etc., the scope of use has become less and less, and it is only used in the occasions related to the bank card (magnetic stripe card), such as: bank VIP access control system, unattended cash machine access control system and other local industry fields are still in use.

Non-contact IC card, due to its durability, good cost performance, fast reading speed, high security advantages is the mainstream of the current access control system. Therefore, at present, many people refer to the non-contact IC card access control system as the access control system.

Third, biometric access control system: according to the different biometric characteristics of the human body and identification of the access control system. Common ones are: fingerprint access control system (there are differences in the fingerprint pattern characteristics of each person), palm type access control system (there are differences in the bone shape of each person's palm), iris access control system (there are differences in the retina of each person through optical scanning), portrait recognition access control system (each person's facial features and positions are different) and so on.

The advantage is that there is no need to carry media such as cards, the probability of repetition is less, it is not easy to be copied, and the security is high.

The downside: high cost. Because biometrics need to compare many parameter characteristics, the comparison speed is slow, which is not conducive to the occasion of too many people. The biological characteristics of the human body will change with the change of environment and time, so it is easy to produce rejection rate (clearly this person, but his biological characteristics have changed, and think that it is not the person), such as: fingerprints are different due to the season and dry humidity, palm shape and portrait change due to age, iris change due to eye disease. Therefore, although the biometric access control system is advanced and safe, the scope of application is limited, only in a small number of people, high security requirements, do not worry about high cost of application in a few fields, is not the mainstream of the current access control system.

The access control system has some derivative forms according to its application and application object. For example: parking lot management system for vehicle access management, subway access control system for subway bus charges, etc.